"The prevailing administrative leadership styles among the heads of air sports clubs and organizations in Iraq from the perspective of glider pilots"

Abstract

Research objectives:

1. Develop a scale of prevailing administrative leadership styles.
2. Identify the prevailing administrative leadership styles among heads of air sports clubs and organizations in Iraq from the perspective of paraglider pilots.

The research community included glider pilots in air sports clubs and organizations in Iraq, numbering (341) glider pilots representing (12) clubs and specialized training centers. The research sample, which was randomly selected, consisted of (192) glider pilots, representing (56%) of the original research community. The exploratory experiment sample consisted of (15) glider pilots, representing (7.81%) of the research sample, while the construction and stability sample consisted of (100) glider pilots, representing (52.08%) of the research sample. The application sample consisted of (77) glider pilots, representing (40.10%) of the research sample. The research tool used is the prevailing administrative leadership styles scale. To reach the research results, the statistical package was used using the (Spss) and (Excel) programs.

The researchers concluded:

1. The validity of the scale of prevailing administrative leadership styles developed by the researchers.
2. The democratic administrative leadership style among the heads of air sports clubs and organizations in Iraq ranked first, with a high level of performance, followed by the dictatorial administrative leadership style, with a medium level of performance, and then the laissez-faire or free administrative leadership style, with a low level of performance.